Death or Serious Injury to a Child (Looked After and Child In Need)

SCOPE OF THIS CHAPTER

This procedure outlines the immediate steps to be taken in the event of the death of or serious injury to a child living in the community (where there are suspicions of abuse or neglect) and the death of/serious injury to any Looked After Child (whether or not the abuse or neglect is known or suspected).

These steps are in addition to any Rapid Review or Child Safeguarding Practice Review which may be commissioned and the work of the child death overview panel.

This procedure uses the expression Designated Manager (Death or Serious Injury to a Child). This Designated Manager should also be notified in circumstances where there is a serious injury to a child.

AMENDMENT

In September 2019, this chapter was updated throughout to reflect Working Together to Safeguard Children (2018) and the process for reporting a serious incident to the Panel via the Child Safeguarding Incident Notification System.

1. Death of or Serious Injury of a Child in the Community where there are Suspicions of Abuse or Neglect

Local authorities in England must notify the national Child Safeguarding Practice Review Panel (the Panel) within 5 working days of becoming aware of a serious incident.

Serious incidents which should be reported are those where the local authority knows or suspects that a child has been abused or neglected and:
  • The child dies (including suspected suicide) or is seriously harmed in the local authority's area;
  • While normally resident in the local authority's area, the child dies or is seriously harmed outside England.

What might trigger the serious incident alert process?

  • Death of a child or young person, including suicide or murder/manslaughter
  • Attempted suicide
  • Child or young person suffers serious injury inflicted either by themselves or others
  • Rape / serious sexual assault
  • Allegations against an adult (professional or carer) that is of a serious nature
  • Cases identified through 'gold group' i.e. high profile cases
  • Cases that might attract media attention
  • Cases that pose a risk to the Council or Partner reputation

Where might information come from to trigger the serious incident alert process?

  • EDT
  • MASH
  • Hospital Social Work Team
  • Allocated social worker / team
  • IRO / CIRO (who may also identify incidents retrospectively)
  • MASE
  • Child Death Overview Panel SPOC
  • Other LA/Partner Agencies
  •  DfE / Ofsted

On occasion, a multi-agency parallel process may be triggered first but this should still be treated as a source of notification – these can include:

  • Domestic Homicide Review Process (police led)
  • Critical Incident Review Process (YOS led)
  • Child Death Review Process (health led)
  • Serious Incident Review (health led)
  • Critical Incident Management Procedures (Education led)

The process for reporting a serious incident to the Panel via the Child Safeguarding Incident Notification System is set out in the following: Report A Serious Child Safeguarding Incident (GOV.UK). The Panel will share all notifications with Ofsted and the DfE.

The following tasks are also required:
Caption: section 1 - Death of or Serious Injury of a Child in the Community
   
1.1

The child's social worker or, if unallocated, the duty worker receiving the information will:

  1. Immediately inform their line manager;
  2. Obtain as much information as possible on the circumstances surrounding the cause of death/serious injury and pass this to the line manager. The Social Worker should request that the referral be followed up in writing.
1.2 The line manager will immediately inform the Designated Manager (Death or Serious Injury to a Child) by telephone and provide follow up information in writing as soon as possible afterwards.
1.3

The Designated Manager (Death or Serious Injury to a Child) will:

  1. Inform the Director of Children's Services, who will notify local authority members as necessary;
  2. Ascertain as full details as possible from the Police and any other source;
  3. Request their administrative staff to check Children's Services records on the child and family and print out any information held;
  4. Collect any files held on the child and family and secure them in the correct office location;
  5. Arrange to inform relevant agencies about the death/serious injury and remind them to secure their files;
  6. Arrange to consider the circumstances of the death/serious injury, in accordance with the London Safeguarding Children Procedures, including the need to hold a Rapid Review and, where a child has died, a referral to the Child Death Overview Pane (CDOP);
  7. Inform Ofsted using the Notification Form for Serious Childcare Incidents.
1.4

Local authorities should use Rapid Review to notify the Panel. The Panel will share all notifications with Ofsted and the DfE. The report is submitted online and the contents entered must be reviewed by the Designated Manager before it is submitted. The form requires a range of information and is set out clearly in sections. Before you start you will need:

  • Your sign in;
  • Your phone number and email address;
  • Name of each child you are notifying;
  • Details of the incident.

A copy of the completed form should be saved and printed out for the records.

In urgent situations, the Deputy Director or Director of Children's Services should telephone Ofsted on 0300 123 1231 and then complete the form. Email mailbox.nationalreviewpanel@education.gov.uk if you have any queries.
1.5

Where a Child Safeguarding Practice Review is to be held, this must be conducted in accordance with Chapter 4 in Working Together to Safeguard Children and the London Safeguarding Children Procedures.

Click here to see the flowchart for CSC Serious Case Incident Alert Process and the CSC Serious Case Incident Alert Form to Safeguarding & Quality Assurance Service.

2. Death of, or Serious Injury, to a Looked After Child in Care

Where information comes to notice of the death of or serious injury to a child in care, the following tasks are required.

Caption: section 2 - Death of or Serious Injury to a Child in Care
   
2.1

The child's social worker will:

  1. Immediately inform their line manager;
  2. Notify the parent(s) immediately and in person, if possible;
  3. In the event of a child's death, discuss with the parent(s) and reach agreement regarding the arrangements for the funeral (in the event of sudden, unexplained deaths arrangements for the funeral may need to be delayed);
  4. In the event of a serious injury to the child, arrange with the parent(s) to visit the child in hospital;
  5. Obtain as much information as possible on the circumstances surrounding the cause of death/serious injury and pass this to their line manager; and
  6. Discuss with the line manager any necessary expenditure including reasonable travel expenses to assist the family in attending the funeral or visiting the child in hospital where it appears there is financial hardship;
  7. Where the child was in a long term foster placement, discuss with the line manager any possible conflict between the carers and the parents regarding arrangements for the child's funeral.
2.2

The line manager will:

  1. Immediately inform the Designated Manager (Death of a Child) by telephone and provide follow up information in writing as soon as possible afterwards;
  2. Advise Legal Services initially by telephone, then confirm details in writing; and
  3. Contact the Insurance Section of the Finance Department, initially by telephone and then in writing.
2.3

The Designated Manager (Death or Serious Injury to a Child) will:

  1. Inform the Director of Children's Services, who will come to a decision about whether to notify the local authority Members;
  2. Ensure that the parents' wishes concerning the funeral are discussed (by the social worker or the team manager), that any possible conflict with the wishes of the carers are also ascertained and addressed, and that any appropriate associated costs are met;
  3. Arrange, in consultation with the Safeguarding Manager, appropriate meetings under the London Safeguarding Children Procedures, including the need to hold a Rapid Review;

  4. Please contact the national Child Safeguarding Practice Review Panel within 5 days via the incident notification system email: mailbox.nationalreviewpanel@education.gov.uk. The Panel will share all notifications with Ofsted and the DfE. The local authority must also notify the Secretary of State and Ofsted where a Looked After Child has died, whether or not abuse or neglect is known or suspected.
2.4

The report to the Panel is the same as the previously outlined online report above.

In the event of a Child Safeguarding Practice Review being required, the steps outlined in Section 3, Needs of Social Workers / Team / Manager / Carers should be followed.

3. Needs of Social Workers / Team / Manager / Carers

During the implementation of this procedure consideration must be given to the needs of those staff and carers involved in the case.

The impact of a child death on social workers / team / manager / carer(s) needs to be addressed in terms of:

  • The need for counselling for those involved;
  • The manner in which such support is offered;
  • The provision of access to legal and professional advice about the ongoing conduct of the case;
  • The provision of a clear explanation of the process of a Child Safeguarding Practice Review;
  • Support for staff in the event of Police investigation/interviews;
  • The need to inform and keep informed any relevant Trades Unions;
  • The need for team debriefing whilst observing confidentiality. This must be discussed with the Service Manager;
  • The need to acknowledge that a child death can impact on the productivity of any team and its ability to function; and the need to agree strategies to manage workloads.